The Kayapo: Our River has no Price

Photo: The Wild Foundation

On March 5th, chiefs from 26 Kayapo communities located principally east of the Xingu River in Para and represented by their NGO "Protected Forest Association" resolved not to accept any money from Eletrobras.

"Your word means nothing. Our conversation is over. The Xingu is our home and you are not welcome" 

This rejection is a great step towards the protection of the Kayapo lands and their water source, the Xingu River. There is still work to be done. Kayapo Indigenous leaders must meet to develop united strategy for protecting their forests from escalating threat in the Brazilian Amazon.  A historic meeting of all Kayapo leaders young and old is being organized. Kayapo lands are so large that many of their communities can be reached only by small plane.

The Kayapo have achieved more for preservation of tropical forest than any other group or organization on earth.

Learn more about the Kayapo Project.

LIKE The Kayapo Guardians of the Forest Facebook page.

What's in Your Water?

If you're drinking a glass of water, you might want to put it down before you read this post.

Burning coal for electricity produces ash and sludge full of arsenic, boron, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium. Where do you think it all goes? 

That's right -- the same power plants that are causing asthma with their soot and wrecking our climate with their carbon are also dumping tons of toxins into our waters. And without federal rules to stop them, those plants would keep on sending toxic sludge into rivers and streams, where it threatens swimmers and boaters, poisons wildlife, and wrecks ecosystems. 

Power plants produce more toxic waste than any other industry in the United States, including the chemical, plastic, and paint manufacturing industries. They spew millions of pounds of pollutants into our waters every year -- toxins that are dangerous even in very low concentrations.Your drinking water is safe because we do a great job of filtering and cleaning, but our wildlife and ecosystems aren't so lucky. 

The problem's only getting worse as coal plants get older and dirtier. The EPA estimates that the amount of toxic wastewater from these plants is going to increase 28% over the next 15 years. That means more heavy metals and more toxic sludge in our waters -- more contaminated rivers, more unhealthy streams, more poisoned wildlife. 

Every step we take toward clean air and water helps keep our communities and our environment healthy... and it also takes us one step closer to the clean-energy future where our nation finally realizes that coal's real cost -- in climate destruction, toxic water, and poison air -- is simply too high. 

Thanks for everything you do to protect the environment.

Cleaner Fuel, Cleaner Air

The EPA has just announced historic new standards to reduce soot, smog and other dangerous pollution that spews from the tailpipes of our cars and trucks.

With every breath, these standards will deliver cleaner, healthier air to the lungs of millions of Americans, producing billions of dollars of public health benefits every year. And they will cost less than a penny per gallon of gas which is why they are widely applauded by not only the environmental community, but have earned broad praise from U.S. automakers, state health commissioners, recreation groups, consumers, and public health advocates.

Cars and trucks are the second largest emitters of the primary ozone-forming pollutants. They emit more than half of all carbon monoxide pollution as well as dangerous levels of particulate matter in our air.

These standards will dramatically reduce these emissions and the cleaner fuel will slash smog-forming pollution at a level comparable to taking 33 million of today’s new cars off the roads.

Today is a great day for clean air and environmental progress. 

China's "River Pigs" Closer to Extinction than the Panda

China's wild finless porpoises are heading toward extinction, a conservation group said Thursday, with the dolphin-like animals now rarer than the giant panda.

With a stubby nose and grey body, the porpoises inhabit the Yangtze River and are famed for their cuteness in China, where they are known as "river pigs".

But their numbers in the Yangtze, which is the country's longest river, have more than halved in six years, according to an extensive survey.

Scientists spent over a month last year scanning more than 3,400 kilometres of the river in a hunt for the porpoises, but only saw 380, the conservation group WWF said in a statement.

Based on that observation, combined with sightings of the porpoises in lakes connected to the river, the total number alive in the wild was likely to be a little more than 1,000, the WWF said.

There are around 1,600 giant pandas living in the wild, according to the WWF, which has said the porpoise could become extinct in 15 years if no action is taken.

The species is "moving fast toward its extinction," the WWF quoted Wang Ding, head of the research expedition, as saying.

The finless porpoise, which unlike the dolphin has a small dorsal ridge rather than a fin, has been hurt by human intrusion and environmental degradation.

"Food shortage and human disturbance such as increased shipping traffic are the major threats," the WWF said, adding that researchers also discovered "traps that could affect finless porpoises".

Waterways in China have become heavily contaminated with toxic waste from factories and farms -- pollution blamed on more than three decades of rapid economic growth and lax enforcement of environmental protection laws.

Environmental activists also say the huge Three Gorges Dam and other hydropower projects on the Yangtze have upset the delicate ecological balance and harmed aquatic life in the river.

The survey failed to find any trace of the Baiji Dolphin, a close relative of the finless porpoise that was declared "functionally extinct," after a survey in 2006.

Getting Eerie in Lake Erie

 

For Lake Erie residents and visitors, the spring rains are more of a curse than a blessing. It's these rains that predict how serious the summer algae blooms will be: the more frequent and heavy the downpours, the worse the outbreak. In 2011, the toxic algae covered a sixth of Erie's waters, contributing to the expanding dead zone on its bottom, reducing fish populations, fouling beaches and crippling a tourism industry. To cut the phosphorus levels that contribute to the growth in algae, scientists say that the farming habits and equipment along the Erie shore must change. 

New York Times

Removing Dams to Restore Rivers

From Amethyst Brook, MA to Wychus Creek, OR, communities in 19 states restored 400 miles of rivers and streams by removing 65 outdated or unsafe dams in 2012. The annual list, put out by American Rivers, brings the total of U.S. dam removals up to almost 1,100. There are hundreds of thousands of dams blocking rivers across the U.S. - many serve useful purposes, others are obsolete or abandoned. These outdated dams are barriers to migrating fish and limit river recreation opportunities like canoeing and fishing. Dams can also create drowning hazards and can threaten the safety of downstream communities. Removal of the deteriorating dams will restore river health and clean water, revitalize fish and wildlife, improve public safety and enhance local economies. 

Ten Reasons Why We Need Plants

Swamp Pink (Helonias bullata) a Threatened Species

Human activities have greatly altered the face of the earth, particularly the forests and fields that cover it. Every time we allow a species to slip into extinction, we are throwing away a biological component of the world that might or might not be of crucial importance. Just because we do not know whether a species is useful to the human economy or to the community of species of which it is a part does not mean that we can cast it aside. I present a ten-point argument that plants do not just cover the earth but keep it alive as well:

1. Plants have produced nearly all of the oxygen that is in the atmosphere.
2. Plants remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, helping to regulate the greenhouse effect.
3. Plants create cool shade.
4. Plants help to prevent floods and droughts.
5. Plants put sunlight energy into the entire food chain of earth.
6. Plants transform dirt into soil.
7. Plants create the habitats in which all organisms live.
8. Plants grow back after disturbances, restoring habitats.
9. Plants are the basis of agriculture.
10. The diversity of plant species sustains natural habitats and human activities.

Economists have estimated that the "ecosystem services" provided by the natural world, mostly by plants, and for which we do not have to pay, are worth $33 trillion to the world economy - an amount equivalent to about half of its total annual pro-ductivitiy.

Naturalists like myself are on a mission: to proclaim to the world the importance of plants and why we should save those that are endangered. We need to preserve the wild plants of forests and fields as if our lives depended on it - because they do. The greatest extinction of plant species that has ever occurred is now under way, and it is unnoticed by most people.

Snowy owls putting on a show in Montana

The numbers are down from last year but this young female snowy owl made the journey from the Arctic, south to Montana’s Mission Valley this winter, probably in search of a plentiful food supply.

POLSON - For birds that fly south for the winter, Montana is more likely to be a departure point than a destination.

But snowy owls, which fled the Arctic and brightened the Polson skyline last winter, have come south again.

A few – three for sure, perhaps as many as eight – have apparently decided the Mission Valley is once more the perfect spot to spend the cold months.

The magnificent birds are big (2 feet tall with wingspans up to 5 feet), white, with big yellow eyes and talons that seem large enough to palm a basketball.

A year ago snowy owls migrated south in perhaps their most spectacular irruption ever, spreading out from the Pacific to the Atlantic and eventually being spied in more than 30 states.

One even made it to Hawaii – “It had to have hitched a ride on a ship,” says local owl expert Denver Holt – where the big owl made the unfortunate decision to take up residence at Honolulu International Airport.

After two hours of trying to run it off, officials shot it.

Snowy owls have gotten a warmer welcome in the cooler climes of Lake County, although some of the human residents of the neighborhood where they congregated last winter no doubt eventually tired of the birdwatchers who flooded in, often by the busload, to look for them, photograph them and – unfortunately – the ones who tried to flush the owls into the sky.

“I think a lot of people bought shades,” Holt says. “They’d climb out of the shower and see people running through their backyards.”

Last year, many of the at least 14, and perhaps as many as 20, snowy owls that showed up here took a hankering to hanging out on rooftops and deck railings.

This winter, the new batch appears most comfortable on fence posts, irrigation pipe and rock outcroppings in nearby fields.

There are fewer of them, and they are tougher to find.

But they’re back – there were absolutely no guarantees they would be – and they’re beautiful.

Written by VINCE DEVLIN Photographed by MICHAEL GALLACHER of the Missoulian.

Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative

The Pronghorn Overpass

The fastest land animal in the U.S. now has safe passage across a Wyoming highway -- extending a seasonal migration that's been going on for 6,000 years.

Pronghorn antelope have started using two overpasses atop Highway 191 that were completed this fall, the Wildlife Conservation Society announced this week. Eight-foot high fencing channels the animals to the crossing points.

“The importance of these overpasses and their use by pronghorn cannot be overstated,” Joel
Berger, a Wildlife Conservation Society scientist, said in a statement announcing the first successful crossings. “They eliminate the danger of collisions and will help to preserve a spectacular element of our natural heritage -- the longest mammal migration in the 48 contiguous United States.”

The group has been tracking pronghorn in the area and provided data for Wyoming to decide where to put the overpasses.

The entire $10 million project includes six underpasses used by deer, moose, elk and other animals. Pronghorn got the overpasses because they don't like going into tunnels.

The eight passages are along a 13-mile stretch of Highway 191. The state's aim was to reduce car-wildlife crashes -- from 2002 and 2006, 49 deer and three pronghorn were killed in crashes.

Able to run at speeds up to 70 mph, pronghorn probably numbered around 35 million in North America two centuries ago, the Wildlife Conservation Society stated. Today, Wyoming is home to more than half of the estimated 700,000 pronghorn left in North America.

The pronghorn use the corridor to get back and forth between winter sagebrush in the Upper Green River Basin and summer grounds in Grand Teton National Park.

Several hundred make the 93-mile migration each season -- and now they have the chance to do it without stopping at Highway 191.

The Associated Press, NBC news and Y2Y Conservation

10 Ways to Reduce Your Plastic Footprint

Just like everyone has a carbon footprint, people also have a plastic footprint – which measures how much plastic a person uses during a given time period.

While it is impossible – and arguably impractical – to entirely eliminate plastic from your life, you can take steps to cut unnecessary plastics. Here are 10 easy ways to reduce your plastic footprint:

 1. Stop using single-use plastic water bottles. In nearly all cases, the water out of your tap is just as safe – if not safer – than the water distributed in single-use plastic bottles.  Instead, buy and use a reusable bottle and fill it with water.

 2. Whenever possible, buy food in bulk. Buying food in bulk helps to reduce the total amount of packaging materials consumed.

 3. Buy your music/movies electronically. By purchasing your music electronically, you avoid the need to create plastic compact discs, plastic jewel cases, and cellophane wrapping.

 4. Stop using plastic grocery bags. Each year over one trillion plastic bags are used worldwide. Because these bags are so light and thin, they are easily carried by the wind out into the environment. Instead, use reusable bags to get your groceries and other purchases home.

 5. Say “NO” to pre-packaged single serving portions. These types of products are among the worst when it comes to excess packaging.

 6. Reusable containers are rad! When it comes to lunch and leftovers, ditch the plastic bag and use reusable containers instead. Reusable containers are just as easy to use and far less harmful to the planet

 7. Buy a reusable travel mug. Use a reusable travel mug or to-go cup for your coffee, tea and other beverage purchases. Think of all the lids (as well as the waxed paper cups) you’ll save.

 8. Always look for alternative packaging. Many items such as soft drinks, detergent, cat litter, etc. come in alternate packaging (such as aluminum or cardboard) that can be more easily recycled than plastic.

 9. Buy and sell secondhand. Clothing, toys, baby gear, furniture, household supplies, sporting goods and many other consumer items can often be found through secondhand sources, thereby reducing the amount of new plastic entering the waste stream.

 10. Recycle! In those instances where you must use plastic, please make sure to recycle it. Most plastics can be upcycled to make cool and useful items.

Gardening with Autumn Leaves

What should you do with the leaves that fall in your yard?

Autumn leaves are a huge gift to gardeners. With minimal effort, they can be used to feed plants, build the soil, protect against disease, shelter tender perennials, and control weeds. And they're free!

What's important is shredding them. Left whole, they'll mat together, preventing oxygen and bacteria from penetrating the layers. The easiest way to shred them is to simply run over them with the lawn mower a few times. This is particularly handy if it's the lawn you want to feed; just mow them into bits and leave them.

Or, if you have a leaf blower, forget the "blowing" part and turn it to "vacuum." Your leaves will be nicely shredded, and contained too.

Once they're shredded you can:

• Feed the soil - cover garden beds with a 3- to 4-inch layer of shredded leaves, or turn them under with a tiller.
• Compost them - Leaf mold is a horticultural mainstay that can even be used to replace peat in potting soil mixes. Whether you're composting them alone or adding them to an existing pile, be sure to soak them down.
• Use as mulch - Tuck a 4- to 6-inch layer around perennials for winter protection.

This is a beautiful time of year. Make the most of what nature has to offer you.

Clean Water Act turns 40

This week marks the 40th anniversary of one of America’s landmark environmental bills, the Clean Water Act (CWA). In 1972, Democrats and Republicans alike supported the passage of this bill as citizens across this country were outraged at the gross and rampant pollution that was spreading through our waterways. While most of our national attention focuses on the upcoming elections, I hope that our leaders in DC remember that nothing is more essential to our health, economy, and quality of life than clean water.

Read more here about what the CWA has achieved over the last four decades and the challenges we face going forward.